DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH

   STRUCTURE 3

1.      DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH

§  STATEMENT

§  COMMAND

§  YES / NO QUESTION

§  WH / QUESTION

2.      CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

§  PRESENT REAL

§  PRESENT UNREAL

§  PAST UNREAL

DIRECT SPEECH (KALIMAT LANGSUNG )

Yaitu suatu ucapan langsung dari si pembicara. Penulisannya diapit oleh dua tanda kutip (“…………….”)

Contoh : Mr.Calaviano said “ I am an English teacher .“( tuan Calaviano berkata “ Saya seorang guru bahasa inggris .”)

INDIRECT SPEECH (KALIMAT TAK LANGSUNG )

KITA MENGUCAPKAN LAGI KALIMAT YG ADA DALAM DIRECT SPEECH

STATEMENT ( kalimat berita )

Dalam merubah kalimat dari direct ke indirect ada beberapa aspek yg harus diperhatikan.

1.      Jika kalimat pengantarnya adalah present tense,maka tenses dalam indirect speech tidak berubah.

Contoh:   Direct speech :    He says, “ I am a student

                 Indirect speech : He says that he is a student

                    2.Pronouns akan berubah di indirect speech

Contoh :  Direct speech     : Tiara said “ I will go to Palembang “

                  Indirect speech : Tiara said that she would go to Palembang

                  ( I berubah menjadi she yg menerangkan Tiara )

2.      Perubahan waktu                                                   

DIRECT SPEECH                                                      INDIRECT SPEECH

-          Now                                         Then,at the moment,at that time

                                                                    

-          Today                                                                       that day

-          Tonight                                                                That night

-          Yesterday                                                            The day before

-          Last week                                                            The previous week

-          Two months ago                                                The previous two months

-          Tomorrow                                                           the day after

-          Next month                                                         The following month

3.      Perubahan tenses

-          Simple present                                                    Simple past

-          Present continuous                                           Past continuous    

-          Present perfect                                                  Past perfect

-          Present perfect continuous                             Past perfect continuous

-          Simple past                                                         Past perfect

-          Past continuous                                                 Past perfect continuous

-          Past perfect                                                        Past perfect

-          Past perfect continuous                                   Past perfect continuous

4.      Perubahan demonstrative pronoun ( kata ganti penunjuk)

-          This                                                                     That

-          These                                                                 Those

-          That                                                                    This

-          Those                                                                 These                 

5.      Perubahan modals

-          Will                                                                  Would

-          Can                                                                   Could

-          May                                                                  Might

-          Must                                                                 Had to

Beberapa contoh indirect speech bentuk STATEMENT

1.       MOTHER SAID “ I AM COOKING IN THE KITCHEN NOW “

SHE SAID THAT SHE WAS COOKING IN THE KITCHEN THEN

2.       GEOVANY SAID “ I HAVE SLEPT IN A TENT

GEOVANY SAID THAT SHE HAD SLEPT IN A TENT