CONDITIONAL SENTENCE ( KALIMAT PENGANDAIAN)

Kalimat pengandaian terdiri dari 2 bagian:

1.main clause

2. If clause

Ada 3 bentuk conditional sentence

1.Present real (type 1)

Menyatakan sesuatu yg mungkin terjadi sekarang (present ) atau waktu mendatang (future )jika kondisinya terpenuhi/terlaksana.
Dalam conditional type 1 ini  IF CLAUSE memakai pola IF + S + V 1 dan MAIN CLAUSE memakai pola S+ WILL/CAN/MAY

contoh : If she cooks fried rice, I will eat lunch ( jika dia masak nasi goreng,saya akan makan siang )
             If he is here , I will be happy ( jika dia disini,saya akan bahagia )

2. Present unreal (type 2)

Menyatakan sesuatu yg bertentangan dengan keadaan sekarang
IF CLAUSE = IF+S+V2 dan MAIN CLAUSE = S+WOULD/COULD/ MIGHT

Contoh : If she cooked fried rice,I would eat lunch
Fakta yg sebenarnya adalah she doesn't cook fried rice so,I will not eat lunch (dia tidak memasak nasi goreng jadi saya tidak akan makan siang

If she were mine,I would build the nice house
Faktanya sekarang adalah She is not mine so I will not bulid the nice house ( Dia bukan miliku,jadi saya tidak akan membangun sebuah rumah yg bagus )


note : Pada conditional type 2 ini kita gunakan WERE untuk semua to be
         If bisa kita hilangkan dan memindahkan were kedepan kalimat
contoh : Were she mine,i would build the nice house

Past unreal (type 3 )

Menyatakan sesuatu yg bertentangan dengan keadaan diwaktu lampau
If clause : IF + S + HAD +VERB 3 dan MAIN CLUSE : S+ WOULD HAVE,COULD HAVE, MIGHT HAVE + V3
Contoh : If she had studied hard she would have passed the examination (jika dia sudah belajar keras,dia akan sudah lulus ujian )
Faktanya : She didn't study hard so she wouldn't pass the examination


kita juga bs menghilangkan IFdengan memindahkan Had kedepan kalimat
contoh : Had she studied hard,she would have passed the examination

 

DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH IN QUESTION

There are two kinds of questions (ada 2 macam pertanyaan )
1. The question begin with AUXILIARY( KATA KERJA BANTU )DO,DOES,DID,IS,ARE,WAS,WERE,HAVE,HAS,HAD,WILL,CAN,MAY,SHALL,SHOULD,MUST,HAVE TO,  in direct speech we have to use IF/ WHETHER (APAKAH)
CONTOH : SYUEB ASKED ME," DO YOU LIKE ARABIC ?"( DIRECT SPEECH )
                  SYUEB ASKED ME IF I LIKED ARABIC (INDIRECT SPEECH )
           
                  HADI ASKED MY MOTHER," ARE YOU A HOUSEWIFE ?"
                  HADI ASKED MY MOTHER WHETHER SHE WAS A HOUSEWIFE
2. THE QUESTION THAT BEGIN WITH QUESTION WORDS ( WHAT,WHEN,WHOM,HOW,WHICH,WHERE ) KITA HARUS MERUBAH KALIMAT TANYA MENJADI KALIAMAT BERITA
CONTOH :PUTRA ASKED ADI, WHEN WILL YOU COME ?"( DIRECT SPEECH)
                  PUTRA ASKED ADI WHEN HE WOULD COME   (INDIRECT SPEECH )            

DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH IN COMMAND

Dalam indirect speech bentuk command (kalimat perintah ) kita harus menambahkan TO untuk kalimat positif dan NOT TO untuk kaliamat negatif
Contoh : " listen carefully !", the teacher told his students ( DIRECT SPEECH )
               The teacher told the students to listen carefully ( INDIRECT SPEECH )

Untuk kalimat perintah negatif kita harus menambahkan NOT TO
Contoh : Nia told me " don't be arrogant !"   ( DIRECT SPEECH )
              Nia told me not to be arrogant        ( INDIRECT SPEECH )